Early Life and Education
Jimmy Carter, who celebrated an extraordinary life marked by a century of experiences, forged a significant legacy in the realm of education.
His journey began humbly as a member of a local school board and ultimately led to the historic establishment of the federal Department of Education during his presidency.
Despite facing political hurdles and personal setbacks, Carter’s determination resulted in the creation of this vital Cabinet-level agency, which has left a lasting impact on federal involvement in education.
Carter, the 39th President of the United States, achieved a remarkable milestone by becoming the first former president to reach 100 years old.
He passed away on December 29, 2023, shortly after entering hospice care, just months after losing his beloved wife, Rosalynn, who lived to the age of 96.
His life spanned three decades of remarkable public service, and much of that legacy centers around his commitment to education.
The Establishment of the Department of Education
On October 17, 1979, Carter signed the bill that established the Department of Education, separating it from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
He expressed hope that this new agency would elevate the quality of education and life for Americans, reflecting his belief in education as a cornerstone of society.
This pivotal act marked a peak in his extensive career, which included roles as a school board member, a state legislator advocating for educational reform, and Governor of Georgia.
During his campaign for presidency in 1976, Carter promised to create a dedicated Department of Education—a long-desired goal championed by the National Education Association (NEA).
After his election, he navigated a challenging political landscape, facing resistance both internally and externally, particularly from his Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, Joseph A. Califano Jr., who opposed the separation.
Numerous times, Carter’s resolve was tested, but he ultimately appointed federal judge Shirley M. Hufstedler to head the new department, which finally launched on May 7, 1980.
This decision illustrated his unwavering commitment, even in the face of adversity.
Impact and Legacy
Born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia, Carter’s views on education were deeply rooted in his rural upbringing.
Growing up on a farm, he developed a strong work ethic and shared meaningful experiences with Black tenants on his father’s property, although the segregation of the time denied them educational equity.
His formal education began at Plains High School, where he encountered inspiring teachers like Julia Coleman, who sparked his passion for literature.
After graduating in 1941, he briefly studied engineering before finding his place at the U.S. Naval Academy, earning a degree in 1946.
Following his marriage to Rosalynn Smith, he embarked on a naval career that took him to various corners of the U.S. and into the world of submarines and nuclear power.
The death of his father in 1953 brought Carter back to Plains, where he confronted changes in agriculture and the moral challenges posed by the Supreme Court’s ruling in Brown v. Board of Education.
Soon after, he joined the county board of education, grappling with desegregation and voicing his desire for equitable educational opportunities amidst pervasive societal norms.
Carter’s political journey began in 1962 when he won a seat in the Georgia state Senate, quickly emerging as a voice for educational reform.
His tenure as governor further solidified his dedication, as he championed significant policy changes and educational enhancements in Georgia.
When running for president, Carter underscored the necessity of a separate Department of Education to streamline the federal government’s fragmented educational responsibilities.
He successfully gained the support of the NEA, which saw it as a long-awaited victory.
Despite his presidency being marked by several challenges, including the educational choices for his daughter, Amy, Carter remained steadfast in his beliefs.
Choosing to enroll Amy in public school sent a strong message about his commitment to public education and the importance of parental involvement.
The establishment of the Department of Education was the result of extensive deliberations and legislative negotiations.
By late 1977, Carter made his support public, and after navigating various obstacles, the department officially came into existence on October 17, 1979.
Though initially launched under somewhat unheralded circumstances, Hufstedler began her tenure leading the new department, focusing on laying the groundwork for effective operations.
After leaving the presidency in 1981, Carter engaged in humanitarian efforts, emphasizing education and poverty alleviation.
Carter’s post-presidential years were among the most active, featuring peace initiatives, widespread community service, and writing projects, including significant contributions to Habitat for Humanity.
Today, Carter is revered for his unwavering dedication to education and human rights, profoundly influencing the understanding of public education’s role in democracy.
His work continues to resonate, inspiring future generations to appreciate the value of education as a public good.
Source: Edweek